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How to choose automobile lubricants?
People are divided into tall, short, fat, thin, male, female, old, and young. Cars are classified into mid-range, high-end, low-end, place of manufacture, displacement, engine type, year of production, mileage, old, and new. For example, people will choose clothes that fit their body and suit their age and identity according to their body shape, height, fat and thin, men and women, and age to buy and wear. The same is true for choosing engine oil for a car engine. You must choose the right engine oil for your car.
1. Use according to the recommendations in the original car manual
Any brand of car will definitely come with the owner's manual after leaving the factory, and the manual will definitely have the corresponding oil viscosity recommendation required by the engine and the oil grade and oil certification specifications required by the OEM manufacturer of the car and the number of liters to be replaced.
2. Choose according to the fuel used by the engine
Fuels used in automobile engines include gasoline (No. 92, No. 95, No. 98, E10 ethanol-containing gasoline), diesel (general diesel, biodiesel)
Gasoline vehicles should choose engine oils that meet the requirements of ACEA "C"X / "A"X / "B"X or the American Petroleum Institute API "S" (J, L, N, P).
High-end imported diesel cars should be selected in accordance with the European Automobile Manufacturers Association ACEA "C" X
Ordinary diesel commercial vehicles should be selected in accordance with the American Petroleum Institute API "C" (H, I, J, K)
3. Select the evolution of the car engine according to the fuel ignition and injection type of the engine
From the early 1980s, the carburetor ignition method should be selected in accordance with the American Petroleum Institute API SJ,
By the 1990s, the single-point computer injection ignition method should be selected in accordance with the American Petroleum Institute API SL,
By the 2000s, the multi-point computer-controlled injection ignition method should be selected in accordance with the European Automobile Manufacturers Association ACEA A3/B3-08 or ACEA A3/B4-10 or ACEA A3/B4-12 and the American Petroleum Institute API SN,
Then in the 2010s, the high-pressure direct injection ignition method in the cylinder should be selected in accordance with the European Automobile Manufacturers Association ACEA A3/B3-12 and ACEA A3/B4-12 or the American Petroleum Institute API SN or API SN PLUS/RC,
In the 2020s, the high-pressure direct-injection turbo ignition method in the cylinder should be in accordance with the ACEA C3-16/ACEA A3/B3-16 and ACEA A3/B4-16 of the European Automobile Manufacturers Association or the American Petroleum Institute API SP or API SN PLUS/RC.
4. According to the vehicle exhaust emission configuration to choose after treatment
Automobile exhaust emission system is related to environmental protection and reduce the function of emission pollution, exhaust emission system also with the world environmental protection regulations to enhance the requirements of the continuous upgrading, from the early gasoline engine emission system with three-way catalytic converter (TWC) to the current national six emission requirements of the gasoline particle catcher (GPF) and diesel engine emission system of diesel particle catcher (DPF) and vehicle urea, are For environmental protection and air pollution. In order to better protect the life of the exhaust emission system and environmental protection in the choice of motor oil must be used with the European Automobile Manufacturers Association standard ACEA CX (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5) low sulfur, low phosphorus, low sulfate ash formulation and certification of motor oil. Or use oil with American Petroleum Institute standard API SP or API SN PLUS/RC or International Lubricant Standard Approval Committee ILSAC GF-6 / ILSAC GF-5 certification.
5. Choose according to the vehicle configuration
Automobile engines are constantly updated and improved with the evolution of the trend of the technology era and environmental protection and energy saving, from pure fuel ignition combustion power to gasoline-electric hybrid power, from early large-volume and heavy engines to precision-improved volume reduction and timing ignition. The popularization of variable valves has brought about great changes in the requirements for the viscosity of engine oil and the requirements for energy saving and fuel saving. Viscosity selection shifts from high viscosity to low viscosity. Japanese cars have started to use SAE 5W-20 or SAE 5W-30 in terms of oil viscosity since 2010, and now require SAE 0W-20 or SAE 0W-16. And German cars have also evolved from the early SAE 5W-40 or SAE 0W-40 to require the use of SAE 0W-30 or SAE 0W-20, especially at present more and more gasoline-electric hybrid engines on the market have required the use of SAE 0W- 20 viscosity motor oil.
6. Choose according to the mileage of the car
After the production of any brand of car, there are regulations or suggestions that owners must follow the viscosity requirements in the owner's manual and the requirements of the oil certification to buy engine oil, but when the mileage of the car increases with the use of the car, the internal parts of the car engine will slowly increase with the increase in the frequency of start-up wear, especially the wear between the piston rings and cylinder liners will also be due to the durability of the material of the piston rings and the rapid friction, so that the engine power will become larger. At this moment, the power of the engine will also be reduced due to poor sealing, and the way to maintain the power of the engine is to improve the viscosity of the oil. Especially for engines with more than 150,000 km to 200,000 km, for example, the original car is recommended to use SAE 5W-30 to SAE 5W-40.
The above-mentioned ways are shared as the experience of many years in the industry, I hope that the owners can help.